Honors and Awards

Nobel Prizes - Winners of the last five years

2003 Nobel Prize Winners

Peace: Shirin Ebadi (Iran). She won the prize for her work as a human rights activist and lawyer.

Literature: J. M. Coetzee (South Africa).

Physics: Alexei A. Abrikosov (Russia, U.S.), Anthony J. Leggett (UK, U.S.), and Vitaly L. Ginzburg (Russia). They shared the prize for theories about superconductivity.

Chemistry: Peter Agre and Roderick MacKinnon (both U.S.). They shared the prize for studies on channels in cell walls.

Medicine: Paul C. Lauterbur (U.S.) and Sir Peter Mansfield (UK). They won the prize for discoveries leading to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Economics: Robert F. Engle (U.S.) and Clive W. J. Granger (UK). They won the prize for developing statistical tools to improve analysis of stock prices and other data.

2004 Nobel Prize Winners

Peace: Wangari Maathai (Kenya). She won the prize for ‘her contribution to sustainable development, democracy and peace’.

Literature: Elfriede Jelinek (Austria)

Physics: David J. Gross, H. David Politzer, and Frank Wilczek (all U.S.). They won the prize for the discovery of asymptotic freedom in the theory of the strong interaction.

Chemistry: Aaron Ciechanover (Israel), Avram Hershko (Israel), and Irwin Rose (U.S.). They won the prize for the discovery of ubiquitin-mediated protein degradation.

Physiology or Medicine: Richard Axel and Linda Buck (both U.S.). They shared the prize for their discoveries of odorant receptors and the organization of the olfactory system.

Economics: Finn E. Kydland (Norway) and Edward C. Prescott (U.S.). They won the prize for their contributions to dynamic macroeconomics.

2005 Nobel Prize Winners

Peace: Mohamed ElBaradei (Egypt) and International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)

Literature: Harold Pinter (United Kingdom)

Physics: Roy J. Glauber (U.S.), John L. Hall (U.S.) and Theodor W. Hänsch (Germany)

Chemistry: Yves Chauvin (France), Robert H. Grubbs (U.S.), and Richard R. Schrock (U.S.)

Physiology or Medicine: Barry J. Marshall and J. Robin Warren (both Australia)

Economics: Robert J. Aumann (U.S.) and Thomas C. Schelling (U.S.)

2006 Nobel Prize Winners

Peace: Muhammad Yunus (Bangladesh) and the Grameen Bank of Bangladesh

Literature: Orhan Pamuk (Turkey)

Physics: John C. Mather and George F. Smoot (both U.S.)

Chemistry: Roger D. Kornberg (U.S.)

Physiology or Medicine: Andrew Z. Fire and Craig C. Mello (both U.S.)

Economics: Edmund S. Phelps (U.S.)

2007 Nobel Prize Winners

Physics: Albert Fert (France) and Peter Grünberg (Germany)

Medicine: Mario R. Capecchi (U.S.), Sir Martin J. Evans (U.K.), and Oliver Smithies (U.S.)

Chemistry: Gerhard Ertl (Germany)

Literature: Doris Lessing (U.K.)

Peace: Al Gore (U.S.) and the United Nations' Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (Switzerland)

Economics: Leonid Hurwicz (U.S.), Eric S. Maskin (U.S.), and Roger B. Myerson (U.S.)